{"id":86910,"date":"2021-09-03T23:07:31","date_gmt":"2021-09-03T15:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zhushiyao.com\/?p=86910"},"modified":"2021-09-03T23:08:07","modified_gmt":"2021-09-03T15:08:07","slug":"76125d0117","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.zhushiyao.com\/?p=86910","title":{"rendered":"Django\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u5bfc\u51fa\u795e\u5668django-import-export\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0cdjango-import-export<\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ecxls\u3001csv\u3001json\u3001yaml\u4ee5\u53catablib\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u4e0eDjango\u7ba1\u7406\u540e\u53f0\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u63d2\u4ef6<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u4f7f\u7528PIP\u5b89\u88c5<\/span><\/p>\n

pip\u00a0install<\/span>\u00a0django-import<\/span>-export<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u65b0<\/span>settings.py<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n
INSTALLED_APPS<\/span>\u00a0=\u00a0(\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0...\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0'import_export'<\/span>,\n)<\/pre>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u6837\u6dfb\u52a0:<\/span><\/p>\n
IMPORT_EXPORT_USE_TRANSACTIONS<\/span>\u00a0=\u00a0True<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3aFalse\u3002\u5b83\u786e\u5b9a\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u7f16\u5199\u8d44\u6e90Resources<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
django-import-export\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528Resource\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eDjango\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u5355\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5728\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u653e\u5728admin.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0eDjango admin\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u5728app\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aresources.py\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
models.py<\/span><\/p>\n
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    from django.db import models<\/span><\/code>\n<\/span><\/code>class\u00a0Person(models.Model):<\/span><\/code>    name\u00a0=\u00a0models.CharField(max_length=30)<\/span><\/code>    email = models.EmailField(blank=True)<\/span><\/code>    birth_date = models.DateField()<\/span><\/code>    location = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n
    resources.py<\/span><\/p>\n
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      from import_export import resources<\/span><\/code>from .models import Person<\/span><\/code>\n<\/span><\/code>class PersonResource(resources.ModelResource):<\/span><\/code>    class\u00a0Meta:<\/span><\/code>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0    model\u00a0=\u00a0Person<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n
      \u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u51e0\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5143\u7c7b\uff0c<\/span>\u5982<\/span>\uff1afields<\/code>,\u00a0exclude<\/code><\/p>\n
      \u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
      \u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e<\/span>\u5230CSV<\/span><\/p>\n
      from\u00a0.resources\u00a0import<\/span>\u00a0PersonResource\nperson_resource\u00a0=\u00a0PersonResource()\ndataset\u00a0=\u00a0person_resource.export<\/span>()\ndataset.csv<\/pre>\n
      id<\/span>,name<\/span>,email<\/span>,birth_date<\/span>,location<\/span>\n1,John<\/span>,john<\/span>@doe<\/span>.com<\/span>,2016<\/span>-08<\/span>-11<\/span>,Helsinki<\/span>\n2<\/span>,Peter,peter@example.com,2016<\/span>-08<\/span>-11<\/span>,Helsinki\n3<\/span>,Maria,maria@gmail.com,2016<\/span>-08<\/span>-11<\/span>,Barcelona\n4<\/span>,Vitor,vitor@freitas.com,2016<\/span>-08<\/span>-11<\/span>,Oulu\n5<\/span>,Erica,erica@gmail.com,2016<\/span>-08<\/span>-11<\/span>,Oulu<\/pre>\n
      \u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5230JSON<\/span><\/p>\n
      dataset<\/span>.json<\/span><\/pre>\n
      [\n\u00a0\u00a0{\"id\"<\/span>:\u00a01<\/span>,\u00a0\"name\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"John\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"email\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"john@doe.com\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"birth_date\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"2016-08-11\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"location\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Helsinki\"<\/span>},\n\u00a0\u00a0{\"id\"<\/span>:\u00a02<\/span>,\u00a0\"name\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Peter\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"email\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"peter@example.com\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"birth_date\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"2016-08-11\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"location\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Helsinki\"<\/span>},\n\u00a0\u00a0{\"id\"<\/span>:\u00a03<\/span>,\u00a0\"name\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Maria\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"email\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"maria@gmail.com\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"birth_date\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"2016-08-11\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"location\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Barcelona\"<\/span>},\n\u00a0\u00a0{\"id\"<\/span>:\u00a04<\/span>,\u00a0\"name\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Vitor\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"email\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"vitor@freitas.com\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"birth_date\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"2016-08-11\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"location\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Oulu\"<\/span>},\n\u00a0\u00a0{\"id\"<\/span>:\u00a05<\/span>,\u00a0\"name\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Erica\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"email\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"erica@gmail.com\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"birth_date\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"2016-08-11\"<\/span>,\u00a0\"location\"<\/span>:\u00a0\"Oulu\"<\/span>}\n]<\/pre>\n
      \u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5230YAML<\/span><\/p>\n
      dataset<\/span>.yaml<\/span><\/pre>\n
      -<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0john@doe.com,\u00a0id:\u00a01<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Helsinki,\u00a0name:\u00a0John}\n-<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0peter@example.com,\u00a0id:\u00a02<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Helsinki,\u00a0name:\u00a0Peter}\n-<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0maria@gmail.com,\u00a0id:\u00a03<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Barcelona,\u00a0name:\u00a0Maria}\n-<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0vitor@freitas.com,\u00a0id:\u00a04<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Oulu,\u00a0name:\u00a0Vitor}\n-<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0erica@gmail.com,\u00a0id:\u00a05<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Oulu,\u00a0name:\u00a0Erica}<\/pre>\n
      \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/p>\n
      from<\/span>\u00a0.resources\u00a0import<\/span>\u00a0PersonResource\nfrom<\/span>\u00a0.models\u00a0import<\/span>\u00a0Person\nperson_resource\u00a0=\u00a0PersonResource()\nqueryset\u00a0=\u00a0Person.objects.filter(location='Helsinki'<\/span>)\ndataset\u00a0=\u00a0person_resource.export(queryset)\ndataset.yaml<\/pre>\n
      -<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0john@doe.com,\u00a0id:\u00a01<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Helsinki,\u00a0name:\u00a0John}\n-<\/span>\u00a0{birth_date<\/span>:\u00a0'2016-08-11'<\/span>,\u00a0email:\u00a0peter@example.com,\u00a0id:\u00a02<\/span>,\u00a0location:\u00a0Helsinki,\u00a0name:\u00a0Peter}<\/pre>\n
      \u5bfc\u51fa\u5230CSV\u89c6\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n
      \n