{"id":40930,"date":"2020-09-23T17:01:49","date_gmt":"2020-09-23T09:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zhushiyao.com\/?p=40930"},"modified":"2020-09-23T17:02:19","modified_gmt":"2020-09-23T09:02:19","slug":"4b38a2f63c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.zhushiyao.com\/?p=40930","title":{"rendered":"\u641e\u5b9a\u4e09\u5927\u795e\u5668\u4e4b Python \u88c5\u9970\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u6765\u81ea\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1aPython\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u793e\u533a<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u5b66\u4f1a Python \u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5404\u5927Python\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff01\u5b83\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u6539\u53d8\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9b54\u529b\uff01<\/p>\n

\u672c\u4e13\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5b66\u4f1a Python \u88c5\u9970\u5668\n
      \n
    • 1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/li>\n
    • 2 \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/li>\n
    • 3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u6837<\/li>\n
    • 4 \u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n
    • 5 \u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b<\/li>\n
    • 6 \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5c42\u53e0<\/li>\n
    • 7 \u6e29\u99a8\u63d0\u9192<\/li>\n
    • \u603b\u7ed3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d7\u5230\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u539f\u51fd\u6570\u6bd4\u5982f<\/code>\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5728f<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u524d<\/span>\u6216\u8005\u6267\u884c\u540e<\/span>\u5206\u522b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

      2 \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u88c5\u9970\u539f\u51fd\u6570f<\/code>\u6216\u7c7bcls<\/code>\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570g<\/code><\/p>\n

      \u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n

      def<\/span>\u00a0decorator<\/span>(f)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0#\u00a0\u5b9a\u4e49\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0g<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('\u51fd\u6570f\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c'<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('\u51fd\u6570f\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c'<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0g\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      def<\/span>\u00a0decorator<\/span>(cls)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0#\u00a0\u5b9a\u4e49\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0g<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('\u7c7bcls\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c'<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('\u7c7bcls\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c'<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0g\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c@+\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u88c5\u9970\u5668 \u88c5\u9970\u8981\u60f3\u88c5\u9970\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
      3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u6837<\/span><\/h3>\n
      \u8981\u60f3\u7406\u89e3\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8981\u9996\u5148\u60f3\u660e\u767d\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5b83\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u4e3a\u539f\u51fd\u6570f<\/code>\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7834\u574f\u51fd\u6570f<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8f\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u8c03\u7528f\u524d\u540e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u51fd\u6570decorator<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u601d\u8003\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u518d\u597d\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7684\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u88c5\u4e86\u539f\u51fd\u6570f<\/code>.<\/p>\n
      4 \u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/h3>\n
      printStar\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570f<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5printStar\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
      def<\/span>\u00a0printStar<\/span>(f)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0g<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('*'<\/span>*20<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('*'<\/span>*20<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0g\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      printStar\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0f\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u524d\u3001\u540e\u5404\u6253\u537020\u4e2a*\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528printStar:<\/p>\n
      @printStar<\/span>\ndef<\/span>\u00a0f<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('hello\u00a0world'<\/span>)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
      if<\/span>\u00a0__name__\u00a0==\u00a0'__main__'<\/span>:\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0###\u00a0\u6539\u53d8\u51fd\u6570\u529f\u80fd<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6253\u5370\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
      ********************\nhello\u00a0world\n********************\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u8981\u60f3\u88c5\u9970\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      @printStar<\/span>\ndef<\/span>\u00a0g<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('welcome\u00a0to\u00a0Python'<\/span>)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      5 \u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b<\/span><\/h3>\n
      \u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u88c5\u9970\u51fd\u6570f\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u88c5\u9970\u7c7bcls\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u539f\u7406\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u5355\u4f8b\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b\u53ea\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
      def<\/span>\u00a0singleton<\/span>(cls)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0instance\u00a0=\u00a0{}\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0get_instance<\/span>(*args,\u00a0**kwargs)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0if<\/span>\u00a0cls\u00a0not<\/span>\u00a0in<\/span>\u00a0instance:\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0instance[cls]\u00a0=\u00a0cls(*args,\u00a0**kwargs)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0instance[cls]\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0get_instance\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u5178instance<\/code>\uff0c\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u7c7b\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u786e\u4fdd\u53eacls()\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668singleton\u4fee\u9970\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      @singleton<\/span>\nclass<\/span>\u00a0CorePoint<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0pass<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
      if<\/span>\u00a0__name__\u00a0==\u00a0'__main__'<\/span>:\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0###\u00a0\u6539\u53d8\u7c7b\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0c1\u00a0=\u00a0CorePoint()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0c2\u00a0=\u00a0CorePoint()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print(c1\u00a0is<\/span>\u00a0c2)\u00a0#\u00a0True<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      6 \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5c42\u53e0<\/span><\/h3>\n
      \u4e0a\u9762\u539f\u51fd\u6570f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u88abn\u591a\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4fee\u9970\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e0b\u9762\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668printLine\uff0c\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u6253\u537020\u4e2a –<\/p>\n
      def<\/span>\u00a0printLine<\/span>(f)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0g<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('-'<\/span>*20<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('-'<\/span>*20<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0g\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u6587\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684printStar<\/code>\u548cprintLine<\/code>\u540c\u65f6\u88c5\u9970\u51fd\u6570f\uff1a<\/p>\n
      @printStar<\/span>\n@printLine<\/span>\ndef<\/span>\u00a0f<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('hello\u00a0world'<\/span>)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6b64\u65f6\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570f:<\/p>\n
      if<\/span>\u00a0__name__\u00a0==\u00a0'__main__'<\/span>:\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0###\u00a0\u6539\u53d8\u51fd\u6570\u529f\u80fd<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6253\u5370\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
      ********************\n--------------------\nhello\u00a0world\n--------------------\n********************\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      f\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u6253\u5370*\uff0c\u518d\u6253\u5370 –<\/p>\n
      \u5c42\u53e0\u591a\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u539f\u51fd\u6570f\u5c31\u53d8\u5f3a\u5927\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u62bd\u79bb\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u677e\u8026\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
      7 \u6e29\u99a8\u63d0\u9192<\/span><\/h3>\n
      \u6253\u5370\u539f\u51fd\u6570f\u7684\u540d\u5b57__name__<\/code>\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3af<\/code><\/p>\n
      In\u00a0[1<\/span>]:\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0f<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\u00a0\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0...:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0pass<\/span>\u00a0\n\nIn\u00a0[4<\/span>]:\u00a0f.__name__\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\nOut[4<\/span>]:\u00a0'f'<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u540e\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5b57f\u53d8\u4e3ag\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\uff01<\/p>\n
      @printStar<\/span>\ndef<\/span>\u00a0f<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0pass<\/span>\n\nf()\nf.__name__\u00a0#\u00a0g<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528functools\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684wraps<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n
      from<\/span>\u00a0functools\u00a0import<\/span>\u00a0wraps\n\ndef<\/span>\u00a0printStar<\/span>(f)<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@wraps(f)<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0def<\/span>\u00a0g<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('*'<\/span>*20<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0f()\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0print('*'<\/span>*20<\/span>)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return<\/span>\u00a0g\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6b64\u65f6\u518d\u6253\u5370\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u540ef\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u663e\u793af\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\uff01<\/p>\n
      \u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/h3>\n